Discrepancies in profitability tempt rivals to charge the more profitable consumers somewhat lower prices in order to lure them away from the firm that is "overcharging" them. This practice is referred to as

What are the most important characteristics that have shaped Brazil's economic and social progress during the last three decades?

What will be an ideal response?

Other things the same, if the U.S. price level rises, then

a. the supply of dollars in the market for foreign-currency exchange increases, so the exchange rate rises. b. the supply of dollars in the market for foreign-currency exchange increases, so the exchange rate falls. c. the supply of dollars in the market for foreign-currency exchange decreases, so the exchange rate rises. d. the supply of dollars in the market for foreign-currency exchange decreases, so the exchange rate falls.