What is it called when the government uses some tool other than money to allocate goods?

Gladys agrees to lend Kay $1,000 for one year at a nominal rate of interest of 5 percent. At the end of the year prices have actually risen by 7 percent

a. Gladys earns extra real income. b. Kay loses extra real income. c. Kay receives extra real income. d. Neither party gains or loses if the loan is repaid.

Edward is an unmarried man with no children. He loses his job as the manager of a company. After three years of job searching, Edward manages to finally get a job in a small company. Edward's three years of unemployment are most likely to result in _____

a. a loss of lifetime earnings for Edward b. a loss of human capital for the broader society c. the deterioration of health for the broader society d. a loss of social cohesion for the broader society