What can happen when rapid post-birth hormonal changes occur and the high concentrations of estrogen and progesterone return to normal levels?

Under which of the following circumstances would a study of the effectiveness of different forms of psychotherapy have high internal validity?

a. The results are statistically significant. b. The independent variable is confounded with other factors. c. The findings can be generalized to other types of patients. d. Patient improvement can be attributed to the psychotherapy and not to other factors.

What notion is supported by the fact that electroconvulsive therapy disrupts memories?

a) brain plasticity b) protein synthesis c) excess serotonin levels d) the consolidation hypothesis