Eila is participating in a psychological experiment for one of the graduate students at her university. She is pretty confident that she knows the true intent of the study and is trying to answer the questions accordingly
A common pitfall in experiments, Eila is falling prey to ______________.
A) intentionality
B) the Rosenthal effect
C) observer bias
D) demand characteristics
Answer: D
Rationale: Demand characteristics are inadvertent cues given off by the experimenter or the experimental context that provide information about how participants are expected to behave.
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Phencyclidine (PCP), which can produce psychotic symptoms resembling schizophrenia, has which effect? a. It inhibits the NMDA glutamate receptors
b. It interferes with dopamine release. c. It prolongs activity at serotonin synapses. d. It directly stimulates acetylcholine receptors.
Which of the following statements best supports facial expressions of emotion as being innate?
A. Infants soon begin to imitate the facial expressions of those around them. B. The pattern of facial movements we call a "smile" is universally related to positive emotions. C. When playing some games of chance, many people master the skill of hiding their emotions from the other players. D. Sticking your tongue out at someone means surprise in China and resentment in North America.