Contrast primary polycythemia and secondary polycythemia based on pathophysiology
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Primary polycythemia is caused by a mutation in the pluripotential stem cell that causes a panmyelosis in the bone marrow. The cells spill over into the peripheral
blood. Secondary polycythemia results from tissue hypoxia or inappropriate EPO increase, and the bone marrow shows transient hyperplasia.
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The most common type of desert mineral salt is
A) borax. B) Dead Sea. C) Redmond. D) epsom.
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Which structure is ligated and transsected first in a radical nephrectomy or laparoscopic simple nephrectomy, following isolation of the vessels and ureter?
a. renal artery b. renal vein c. proximal ureter d. Gerota's fascia
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