When an independent variable involves pre-existing characteristics of the participant like age or political affiliation, the independent variable is a

a. a task variable.
b. a subject variable.
c. an instructional variable.
d. a manipulated variable.

b

Psychology

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The need to excel, to overcome obstacles, represents the ______ motive

a. achievement c. curiosity b. power d. aggression

Psychology

Hippocrates suggested which of the following treatments for mental illness?

a) application of leaches. b) herbal remedies. c) prayer and chants by faith healers. d) care in choosing food and drink.

Psychology