Although licensing of the mass media seems contrary to the First Amendment, the U.S. Court has permitted licensing of broadcasters for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

A) the airwaves which broadcasting uses belong to the public, not any private owner.
B) broadcasting is so expensive it was necessary to protect the station operators' investments.
C) the radio industry asked the government to step in and bring order to the chaos in 1927.
D) scarcity of frequencies requires limits on who and how many people transmit signals.

Answer: B

Communication & Mass Media

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By reducing defensiveness and avoiding personal attacks and interruptions in groups, members

seek to build A) norms. B) cohesion. C) commitment. D) arrangement.

Communication & Mass Media

The tendency for people to believe that media violence affects other people but does not affect them personally is called the:

a. hypocrisy effect b. third-person effect c. mirror fallacy d. false security phenomenon

Communication & Mass Media