Imagine that you are listening to a reading researcher, who is discussing the approach that teachers should use for elementary school children in the United States. Which of the following arguments are you most likely to hear?

a. "The phonics approach is best because it is most likely to encourage children's motivation."
b. "The whole-word approach is best because English has a close correspondence between a word's spelling and its sound."
c. "Neither the phonics nor the whole-word approach is effective, so the reading teachers are searching for a new approach."
d. "The phonics and the whole-word approach should be combined, because each approach provides some benefits"

Ans: d