The English politician and philosopher Edmund Burke advocated the concept of legislators as __________ who use their best judgment to make policy in the interests of the people

The major, though not exclusive, means of nominating the presidential candidates between 1796 and 1824 was what?

A) Congressional caucus D) White primary B) Congressional primary E) Closed primary C) General election

Which of the following is a method by which the bureaucracy is able to shape policy in the United States?

A) through the discretionary powers that it possesses B) through the advice that it gives to elected officials C) through its ability to strike against the government when it disagrees with a program enacted by public officials D) a and b E) none of the above