Which of the following is not one of the clusters of personality disorders?

Suppose that a friend tells you that her introductory psychology textbook says you should study for a test in the same room where you will take the test, because of the effects of context. Your most informed response would be:

a. "Yes, that's true, as long as you emphasize the physical characteristics of the material you are studying." b. "Yes, that's true; context provides the most helpful cues for prompting memory." c. "No, that's not true; researchers have found no convincing evidence for encoding specificity." d. "Well, it can sometimes be helpful to have the same context for studying and for recall, but the effect is not very strong."

This kind of evidence suggests a trait has a genetic component

a. higher correlation for values of the trait among pairs of more closely related people than among pairs of more distantly related people b. identical measures of the trait among many members of a defined population c. widely varying measures on the trait among many members of a defined population