In an experiment concerning the effect of food deprivation on activity level, food deprivation is the _____ variable

Sodium ions move out of the axon because of

a. the opening of sodium channels. b. the opening of voltage-gated channels. c. kinesin. d. electrostatic pressure. e. the sodium-potassium transporter.

Which of the following was not an argument of Devine's (1989) early work on the automatic activation of stereotypes?

a. Exposure to a member of a stereotyped group is sufficient to activate the stereotype. b. Stereotype activation is automatic, but stereotypes cannot influence judgments without conscious intent. c. Exposure to some content of the stereotype will activate the general stereotype. d. Automatic stereotype activation biases subsequent judgments in the direction of the activated stereotype.