A word or phrase with a powerful negative connotation used to describe some quality of a person or group is a(n) ________

Tiphani, in her persuasive speech, says "So, by using these simple steps, you will save time, money, and energy." What form of persuasive appeal is this?

a. an appeal to self-esteem needs b. a negative or guilt-based appeal c. using cognitive dissonance d. an appeal to positive motivation

The _____ nature of language means that a word represents what it is referring to either by association, resemblance, or convention.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s)