Spirituals, jazz, blues, and ragtime all own their origins to the

a. liberal use of expressively lowered tones.
b. desire to find comfort in the Christian God.
c. difficulties facing African-Americans in the 19th and 20th centuries.
d. discovery of syncopation as a dominant force in music.

c

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Stevie Wonder's song, "Superstition" (S. Wonder, 1972) refers to:

a. the rising prominence of witch doctors b. a chastisement of those who would let their lives be ruled by superstitions c. a reverence for supernatural beings d. many rock musicians' dabbling in aleatoric forms

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Which popular music genre of the late-nineteenth century was based on negative stereotypes of blacks?

a. the blues b. ragtime c. street cries d. minstrel shows

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