__________ is a policy of taking action before the United States is attacked rather than waiting for provocation

Why is it sometimes difficult for citizens to engage in policy voting?

a. Competing candidates usually have the same positions on issues. b. Candidates are often intentionally vague about their issue stances. c. The media tend to overwhelm voters with policy information. d. Election officials prevent using policy-based voter guides in the voting booth.

What effect does the difference in term length have on House members?

a. House members can act more deliberatively. b. It enables them to consider a more long-term view of issues. c. House members face greater pressure to act quickly. d. House members enjoy greater prestige than senators. e. It reduces campaign pressures on House members.