Describe the four constraints on congressional action in foreign policy.
What will be an ideal response?
Answers should identify the four constraints on congressional action as passing the buck, structural weaknesses, judicial noninterference, and constituent service. Passing the buck can be defined as congressional members distancing themselves from foreign policy issues because the public sees these issues as within the purview of the president and hold him accountable for successes and failures. Structural weaknesses address the difficultly of reaching a consensus among policy makers and lacking the means to execute its foreign policy goals. Answers concerning judicial noninterference may draw on Chapter 4. Constituent service identifies how legislators are incentivized to provide for their constituents’ immediate, material needs instead of abstract foreign policy issues.
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Why was the spoils system ultimately abolished?
a. due to growing concerns about a poorly functioning federal bureaucracy b. due to public pressure to shrink the size of the federal bureaucracy c. due to a Supreme Court decision ruling the spoils system unconstitutional d. due to the diversification of federal bureaucracy following the Civil War
The ninth state to ratify the Constitution in 1788, which officially empowered the new government, was
a. Vermont. b. Delaware. c. New York. d. Virginia. e. New Hampshire.