Gridlock in the national political system is most likely caused by __________

Which of the following accurately defines political patronage?

A. the observation that countries with an abundance of natural resources often perform worse in terms of economic development and good governance than countries without these resources B. a form of colonial governance, most commonly used by the British, in which local authorities are incorporated into the system of colonial administration C. the constitutional requirement that a candidate must win not only the most votes but also a quarter of the votes in at least two-thirds of Nigeria's states in order to win the presidency D. the act of working outside of the government in ways that typically do not directly affect the political outcomes we care most about E. the distribution of state resources, such as government jobs or private goods, to ordinary citizens in exchange for their political support

General Babangida, one of Nigeria's military dictators, endorsed what he called the custodial theory, which held that

a. whoever is in charge must clean up the mess of the previous administration. b. corruption must be ended before civilian rule can resume. c. military government must be temporary and only to prepare for a return to civilian rule. d. opponents of the military regime must be "cleaned out" and imprisoned or executed. e. prisoners should be used to clean government buildings as part of their punishment.