What is the probability of drawing either a club or a spade from a standard (52-card) deck of playing cards?

The Gymboree philosophy contends that

A. the most critical part of education is during the preschool years B. certain types of play activities are essential to a child's development but are not readily available at home C. competitive activities are particularly beneficial for young children D. the most critical part of education is during the preschool years AND certain types of play activities are . essential to a child's development but are not readily available at home

In order to help her music students learn the lines of the treble clef in musical notation, Susan has them learn the sentence "Every Good Boy Does Fine," in which the starting letter of each word represents the name of a note. This is an example of ______

a. maintenance rehearsal. b. a mnemonic. c. the serial-position effect. d. pattern recognition.