Why is the pretest-posttest design NOT recommended for program evaluation?
A) With only two measures and no control group, almost none of the threats to reliability are controlled.
B) With only two measures, the clients do not have sufficient leeway to express their opinions.
C) With only two measures and no control group, almost none of the threats to internal validity are controlled.
D) With no control group, there is not enough variability in the experimental group to see an effect.
Answer: C
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Annual government spending in the United States now amounts to about __________
a. $50 billion b. $500 billion c. $5 trillion d. $15 trillion
Why is winning the Iowa caucuses and the New Hampshire primary important for a presidential campaign?
A. The convention winner is determined by who wins the most states, so a small state victory is just as beneficial as winning California or Texas. B. It is important to win in these heavily conservative states because potential contributors donate more to conservative candidates. C. These two states enjoy a disproportionate share of wealthy voters who are able to bankroll the candidate's campaign. D. Winning in these early states builds momentum.