Summarize Lawrence Kohlberg's three major levels of morality. What is Carol Gilligan's position with respect to Kohlberg's theory?
What will be an ideal response?
* At the preconventional level (ages 4 to 10), standards set by others are observed in order to receive reinforcement or avoid punishment.
* At the conventional role conformity level (ages 10 to 13), rules and standards are internalized, and behaviors are performed in order to please others
* At the autonomous moral principle level (age 13 or later), control over moral conduct is completely internalized.
* Gilligan has criticized Kohlberg's theory because it was developed with only males, and she views females as more concerned with the context in which a behavior occurs and the relationships involved.
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