Which of the following are symptoms of opioid withdrawal?

Which of the following statements best describes John Watson's belief in the power of conditioning?

A. It is a powerful tool in shaping behavior but it cannot change the effects of inborn tendencies. B. Regardless of inborn traits, people can be trained to shape their behavior through conditioning. C. Conditioning is useful for treating people with phobias, but only a few phobias can be treated through conditioning. D. It is an effective tool for modifying behavior although personal differences are an important factor.

Dr. Carruthers is using crime statistics available in a federal database as part of a study. Which of the following types of descriptive research is Dr. Carruthers conducting?

A. survey research B. experimental manipulation C. naturalistic observation D. archival research