What is the term used to describe making policy through court decisions rather than through the legislative or electoral process?

Which of the following would Schelling consider a use of coercive violence?

a. the use of chemical weapons in World War I b. the use of trench warfare in World War I c. the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor d. the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

A ____________ is a guess (but of an educated nature) that represents the proposed explanation for some phenomenon and that indicates how an independent variable is thought to affect, influence, or alter a dependent variable.

a. Theory b. Arrow diagram c. Hypothesis d. Ecological analysis