In comparison to nondepressed children, those with depression experience ____ in the year preceding their depression

A research assistant in a lab conditions dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell. During conditioning, the assistant rings the bell and then presents the animal with food. After conditioning the dogs to salivate to the bell, the bell is the ___ stimulus and the food is the ___ stimulus.

a) unconditioned; neutral b) neutral; conditioned c) unconditioned; conditioned d) conditioned; unconditioned

Suppose that a child is shown two rows of 8 pennies each. In one row the pennies are laid next to each other; in the other the pennies are spread out with more space between them

Now the child is asked to count the number of pennies in each row and then respond to the question, "Which row has more pennies?" This demonstration is most likely to be used to test the child's: a. egocentrism b. symbolic representation skills c. conservation ability d. automaticity