Suppose a profit-maximizing monopolist faces a constant marginal cost of $10, produces an output level of 100 units, and charges a price of $50 . The socially efficient level of output is 200 units. Assume that the demand curve and marginal revenue curve are the typical downward-sloping straight lines. The monopoly deadweight loss equals $2,000

Security threats, economic desperation, oppression, and family separation often lead to______ , a situation that commonly creates human rights questions even within stable democracies.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

When using the economic efficiency approach to controlling air and water pollution, the government

a. forces each firm to produce emissions in the most cost efficient manner irrespective of its cost structure b. offers each firm the flexibility to reduce emissions in the most cost effective manner, given its unique cost structure c. offers each firm the option of choosing between the cost minimizing emission level and the profit maximizing emission level d. provides each firm with some fixed rules and then requires them to maximize profits given these fixed rules e. offers each firm the option of using marginal cost pricing and average cost pricing when determining the optimum emissions levels