Which of the following might serve as a secondary reinforcer?

Why do some therapists believe psychotherapy is unsuccessful in treating schizophrenia?

A) Schizophrenia increases the strength of most ego defense mechanisms. B) Insurance does not cover psychotherapy for patients diagnosed as schizophrenic. C) Unmedicated schizophrenics are too far removed from reality to form the relationship needed. D) Excessive dopamine interferes with the process of free association that is requisite to the success of psychotherapy.

Rubricizing is

a. placing a person into a category. b. a form of massage developed in Sweden. c. the same as stereotyping. d. a process for perceiving uniqueness.