Markus is conducting Phase II of a clinical trial. He finds that while his new drug improves the short-term memory of Alzheimer’s patients, it also makes them extremely irritable. Markus is concerned that the increased memory might be offset but the decrease in quality of the patient’s life and the relationship with their caregivers. In what kind of therapeutic evaluation is Markus engaged?

a. Evaluation of therapeutic success
b. Evaluation of therapeutic reliability
c. Evaluation of side effects of the therapy
d. Defining what we mean by “improvement” of mental health outcomes

d. Defining what we mean by “improvement” of mental health outcomes