Regardless of the procedure used to establish an appropriate PEEP level, ventilating pressures should not be allowed to exceed which of the following?
a. Upper inflation point on the inspiratory limb (UIPi)
b. 2-3 cm H2O above the UIPi
c. 30 cm H2O
d. Lower inflection point on the inspiratory limb
ANS: A
Regardless of the procedure used to establish an appropriate PEEP level, ventilating pressures should not be allowed to exceed the UIP on the UIPi, because injury to lungs can occur if the lungs become overstretched. The appearance of the UIP on the graphic display may be influ-enced by the type of recruitment procedure used. For example, in one study, when the VT was set low (5-6 mL/kg), the UIP was 26 cm H2O.
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An easy way to locate a muscle and differentiate it from surrounding tissues is to have your partner
a. identify each layer of muscle as you palpate it. b. breathe deeply into the muscle you are palpating. c. contract and relax the muscle as you palpate it. d. flex and extend the joint as you palpate the muscle.
The muscle that compresses the cheeks against the teeth and retracts the angle of the mouth is known as the
zygomatic minor muscle. frontalis muscle. orbicularis oris muscle. buccinator muscle.