If a distribution of raw scores is negatively skewed, transforming the raw scores into z scores will result in a _________ distribution

The phrase "ironic effects of mental control" means that

a. we have difficulty on a Stroop task, because we pay attention to meaning, rather than ink color. b. ironically, we often make more errors on a familiar attention task than we make on an unfamiliar attention task. c. when we try to avoid a particular thought, it may be even more likely to enter consciousness. d. we often cannot introspect accurately about the cognitive processes we use in everyday life.

Contrary to some early behaviorist views, _____ suggest(s) that learning can occur without any immediate behavioral evidence

a. classical conditioning b. operant conditioning c. latent learning d. desirable difficulties