Refer to the graph below for a purely competitive firm operating at a loss in the short run. Which area in the graph represents the portion of total costs that the firm can recoup by continuing to produce rather than shutting down?

Which of the following is a macroeconomic topic?

A) Why did production and jobs expand slowly in 2011? B) General Motors decides what prices to set for their new models. C) The federal government's decision to spend more on environmental protection D) The effect of floods in agricultural areas on the price and quantity of wheat E) The county government's decision to increase the sales tax for your county

Incentives to provide resources to less qualified individuals are referred to as

a. adverse selection b. forced saving c. moral hazard d. seigniorage e. all of the above