A view that regards development as gradual, with achievements at one level building on those of previous levels, is called

The existential concept that people's perceptions or subjective realities are considered to be valid data for investigation is called __________

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

Two characters on the "Star Trek" television series, Mr. Spock and Commander Data, are completely logical. They make their decisions on the basis of realistic considerations, not emotions or moral judgment. From a psychodynamic perspective, their personalities are entirely ____

a. ego b. id c. superego d. ego ideal