Describe the difference between a political appointee and a civil servant. Discuss how these two types of employees obtain their jobs.

When did U.S.–Chinese relations first take a negative turn?

a. when the Shanghai Cooperation Organization was formed b. when the Open Door notes were issued c. when the new Republic of China was formed under the Nationalist Party d. when Japan invaded China in the 1930s e. when Mao Zedong took power after WWII

Which country controlled large areas of the eastern and south Africa in 1945?

A) France B) Germany C) Britain D) Portugal