In an anecdote presented in the textbook, Hugo Munsterberg, a leading psychologist around the beginning of the 20th century, describes the various reported reactions to a speech he gave on peace. The reactions illustrate
a. the potential effect of observer bias.
b. the rational for the use of operational definitions.
c. how Munsterberg got the idea for the scientific method.
d. the importance of the within-subjects design.
Answer: a. the potential effect of observer bias.
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