In general, as the variance of the difference scores increases, the likelihood of finding a significant difference also increases

The construct validity of observations can be threatened by all of the following EXCEPT:

a. observer bias. b. observer effects. c. reactivity. d. socially desirable responding.

If Lev Vygotsky were in the room talking about his theory, which of the following terms might you hear him say?

a) ego integrity b) private speech c) difficult temperament d) preconventional level