Which of the following best explains the shape of the individual labor-supply curve?
a. The individual labor-supply curve is exactly like any supply curve, it always has a positive slope.
b. The individual labor-supply curve slopes downward at all wage rates because, as wages increase, people are able to buy more leisure.
c. The individual labor-supply curve slopes upward at lower wage rates and then bends back at higher wage rates.
d. The individual labor-supply curve must be vertical because each person can work only eight hours per day.
e. The individual labor-supply curve must be horizontal because labor markets are assumed to be perfectly competitive.
c
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Which of the following is a source of wage stickiness?
1. fixed wage contracts 2. minimum wage laws 3. workers and firms want to avoid complexity of negotiating contracts frequently A. I and III only B. I and II only C. I only D. I, II, and III
Some economists believe that the economy benefits from firms having market power. Which of the following is an argument that has been made to support this position?
A) Large firms are better able than small firms to spend funds on research and development required to develop new products. B) Research has shown that the deadweight loss from monopolies is a small percentage of the value of production in the United States. C) Competition is very rare in the U.S. economy and few new products are produced by smaller, competitive firms. D) Large firms can afford to lobby the U.S. government in order to impose restrictions on imports and reduce the outsourcing of jobs to other countries.