Discuss the difference between a relative cell reference and an absolute cell reference. Include the following information in your answer: how the two types of cell addresses are designated, what happens when each type of cell reference is copied, and when it is appropriate to use each type of reference.

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A relative cell reference is used when the relationship to the formula must be preserved; it is the most commonly used type of cell reference in Excel. An absolute cell reference is used when the exact cell reference must be maintained in all formulas referencing the cell address. Absolute cell references do not change even if formulas are copied to other locations. Relative cell addresses change when copied to reflect the appropriate column and row where the formula is being copied. The $ symbol placed before a column letter or row number in a cell address makes that portion of the cell reference absolute. It is appropriate to use an absolute cell reference (or mixed cell reference) when the value of a column, row, or cell address MUST be used in a formula. All other times, relative cell references may be used.