What are the common design challenges among all organization?

What will be an ideal response?

a. All organizations require some level of differentiated activities: focusing on different tasks and customers and operating in different competitive environments. At the same time, integrated activities will provide organizations with the benefits of efficiency and the ability to move knowledge and resources across and around its various activities and units. These dual requirements represent the challenge of differentiation and integration.
b.
All organizations, regardless of their histories, strategies, and competitive environments, rely on some type of control mechanisms to help shape employee behaviors. They need to deploy control mechanisms, however, without losing requisite levels of creativity and innovative response from the employees whose behaviors they are attempting to influence.
c.
All organizations must decide how and where to allocate decision-making rights and responsibilities.