The Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy was established in

The research on logical reasoning shows that the confirmation bias is especially likely to operate when the participants

a. are working on an ecologically valid task, rather than a task in the psychology laboratory. b. use a diagram to solve the problem, rather than solving it "in their heads." c. are working on a task that focuses on arbitrary stimuli, rather than on human interactions. d. rely too heavily on bottom-up processes.

Verbal and spatial ability sex differences in both men and women may be related to

A) genetic factors. B) income. C) heredity. D) socialization.