You need to install the latest OS on your computer. You want to keep all of the settings and files to remain intact during the installation. What would be the best method to use.

Which of the following statements about stacks is incorrect?

(a) stacks can be implemented using linked lists. (b) stacks are first in, first-out (FIFO) data structures. (c) new nodes can only be added to the top of the stack. (d) the last node (the bottom) of a stack has a null (zero) link.

In PHP, the normal way that function parameters are called is known as:

a. pass by data type b. pass by reference c. pass by value d. pass by class