In Shaw v. Reno, the Supreme Court ruled that states
a. could use race as the primary motivation for creating congressional districts
b. could not use race as the primary motivation for creating congressional districts.
c. were not exempt from a section of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that required them to get approval from the federal government for any changes to the voting systems.
d. were exempt from a section of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that required them to get approval from the federal government for any changes to the voting systems.
b
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The president can control the power of a bureaucratic agency by placing at its head persons who are committed to his or her policy preferences. This is called
a. patronage. b. appointment power. c. nepotism. d. back scratching. e. cronyism.
Bryan Jones and Frank Baumgartner argued that public policy can be explained through long periods of stability which are broken up by sudden and abrupt change known as
a. mass preferential adjustments. b. governmental shifts. c. turning points. d. punctuated equilibrium. e. scales of change.