Which of the following is not a direct social benefit of the insurance mechanism?

Putin, a recent immigrant from Russia, was given a clothes iron for Christmas. The iron included warnings in several languages. In English, the warning was "Do not iron clothes while wearing them." However, the Russian translation (the only one Putin could understand) said "Please warm your clothes and hands with this iron." One cold morning, Putin put his hands on the iron and sustained severe burns. He sued the manufacturer on a product liability theory. What should be the result of Putin's lawsuit?

A. Putin should win because of a manufacturing defect. B. Putin should win because of design defect. C. Putin should win because of a warning defect. D. None of the above.

Which of the following illustrates Emerson's observation that "to be understood is a rare luxury"?

A) The phrase "public safety" is clearly understood, because everyone knows the meaning of both words. B) The phrase "public safety" is rarely used, because the concept of security is an ethical norm. C) The phrase "public safety" represents an ethical norm that is a rare luxury, because the public rarely feels safe. D) The phrase "public safety" seems clear at first glance, but on pondering its various interpretations, one realizes that it is not so clear.