The act of voting is a central form of

How do the staggered terms of state boards and commissioners affect the governor?

a. It is hard for the governor to remove his or her predecessor's appointees, which impedes progress. b. A governor has to wait at least two years to get majorities favoring his or her policies on most boards. c. For three years, a predecessor's appointees technically do not answer to the current governor. d. The governor cannot enact new policies until a predecessor's appointees have left.

In the just war tradition, proportionality

a. refers to the principle of noncombatant immunity. b. implies that the harm done by an act may not be disproportionate to the good sought or the evil to be avoided. c. implies that war should be engaged only as a last resort after diplomacy and negotiation have failed. d. implies that war is justifiable when waged against class oppression or national subjugation.