In the short run, a firm's output level is 5 units. Its average cost is $40 and its fixed cost is $50. What is this firm's variable cost of producing 5 units?

If the yen appreciates in value against the dollar, the dollar must have depreciated against the yen

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

A rightward shift of the investment demand curve might be caused by:

A. an increase in the price level. B. a decline in the real interest rate. C. businesses planning to increase their stock of inventories. D. an increase in business taxes.