"Emotional disengagement" is characterized by:

Several researchers have claimed that Piaget underestimated children because they have shown that children can pass some concrete operational tasks earlier than Piaget thought. How would Piaget respond to them?

a. "Your tests are not culturally relevant to the children you are testing." b. "Your methods must be flawed because you are teaching them the skills and then testing them immediately." c. "Kids these days must be smarter than they were when I developed my theory." d. "It's not enough for children to grasp some aspects of concrete operations; they have to master all of them."

Which of the following explanations does the text give for the fact that Catherine Genovese was killed while 38 neighbors observed and none of them helped?

A) Murders happen too often in urban centers like New York City, so residents of urban areas generally don't bother to help. B) Each of the observers thought that someone else would help. C) The observers were not aware of the social responsibility norm. D) The observers were not motivated to help because it would not lead to the survival of their genes.