A researcher is interested in learning how heart rate increases during moments of fear. Which measurement would be appropriate for this study?

Lyle is 23 years old. His mother died two weeks ago, and since then he has been so upset that he has unable to eat or sleep. He has been crying a great deal. The death was completely unexpected, and Lyle has been alternating between feeling sad, to feeling very anxious, and to wanting to deny that his mother is dead. Lyle appears to be experiencing

a. rapid cycling bipolar disorder. b. a major depressive episode. c. double depression. d. grief.

What is a realistic concern with regard to requiring all high school seniors to pass a graduation test in order to earn a diploma?

A. It is likely that virtually all students would be qualified to pass such an exam. B. The financial costs associated with failing students would create a huge incentive for states to develop exams with very low requirements for passing. C. The economic, social, and political costs of holding back such large numbers of students because they could not pass the "exit exams" would be worth the risk of graduating students who did not deserve a diploma. D. All of these statements are false.