Dr. Kendle believes that the best way to understand complex processes, such as taste, is to break the processes down into their component parts. Dr. Kendle's views are consistent with the:

Which of the following statements demonstrates the cephalocaudal trend?

A) During infancy and childhood, the legs and arms grow somewhat ahead of the hands and feet. B) At birth, the head takes up one-fourth of total body length, the legs only one-third. C) In the prenatal period, the head, chest, and trunk grow first; then the arms and legs; and finally the hands and feet. D) During infancy and childhood, the hands and feet grow somewhat ahead of the fingers and toes.

When children have developed learned helplessness regarding their studies, it is beneficial

a. for the teacher to explain why the children should not feel "hopeless." b. to use an incentive program for good grades that has reinforcers the children like. c. to use an educational program that would allow the children to "succeed" repeatedly. d. to tell the children that they are doing "very good" even when they are not.