When we indicate that an employee's implementation decisions in a bureaucracy are reviewed at ascending levels within the organization, this is describing which core component of bureaucracies?

The media is sometimes colloquially known as the __________ estate

A) first B) second C) third D) fourth

The intent of push polls is to:

A) back the winning candidate. B) identify voters with fake voter's registration. C) estimate the voter turnout after weighting the responses to the poll. D) drive voters away from one candidate and toward another. E) provide adequate information to the voters about the upcoming elections.