If Marcia wants her baby to recognize her voice after she is born, she might engage in what activity during the fetal period of development that is supported by research?

During which substage of Piaget's sensorimotor stage does the child "begin to act upon the outside world," in which infants seek to repeat enjoyable events in their environments if they happen to produce them through chance activities?

a) Substage 2: First habits and primary circular reactions b) Substage 1: Simple reflexes c) Substage 3: Secondary circular reactions d) Substage 4: Coordination of secondary circular reactions

There are national programs that encourage children to read by offering them rewards (e.g., pizza, money) for reading

Advocates of this program argue that rewarding children for reading will encourage them to read, rather than watch television or play video games. These advocates are most like ________ psychologists in their approach to encouraging children to read. a. behavioral b. Gestalt c. social d. educational