Women's organizations that attract members with purposive incentives must take strong positions on divisive issues.

When individuals are members of more than one group that intersect to influence their political opinions, they are being exposed to __________

a. individualized identities b. ideological discord c. crosscutting cleavages d. factionalism

Which of the following statement most accurately describes the president’s status of head of state?

a. The president’s approval ratings often suffer when he engages in his role as head of state abroad because he is seen as neglecting his obligations at home. b. Presidents prefer to use their role as head of state to better their negotiating ability for domestic priorities. c. Presidents view their responsibility as head of state as a burden and a distraction from domestic issues. d. Presidents often enjoy engaging in foreign policy making because they are less constrained by politics at home than they are in domestic affairs.