What is the pre-trial stage of litigation that occurs after the judge finds no reason to dismiss a case and each side learns what information the other has about the case?

John Kennedy was clearly the favorite over Richard Nixon in the presidential debate that was broadcast in black and white. His look was sharp, tanned, and relaxed, and his suit contrasted with the background. When radio listeners were surveyed about the debate, what was the result?

A) They also gave the debate to Kennedy. B) They felt that Nixon won. C) They reported that they could not make a determination about the winner without having seen the candidates. D) They preferred their medium to television. E) They reported no difference between the two candidates or mediums.

Cultural anthropologist Adam Kuper characterizes the intellectual trends that emerged during the Enlightenment into three schools. Name one of these schools and explain its core ideas.

What will be an ideal response?