Which of the following constitutes an external cost of driving an automobile?

From the beginning of 1974 until January 2013, the value of the Canadian dollar has ________ relative to the U.S. dollar and ________ relative to the Japanese yen.

A) appreciated than depreciated; appreciated B) depreciated then appreciated; depreciated C) depreciated then appreciated; appreciated D) depreciated; depreciated

Assume that the economy is presently in equilibrium. A decline in the interest rate

a. increases planned investment, aggregate demand, and equilibrium income. b. increases unplanned investment, reducing aggregate demand and equilibrium income. c. increases unplanned investment, increasing aggregate demand and equilibrium income. d. increases money demand, the money supply, aggregate demand, and equilibrium income.