What are internal and external validity? Describe at least four threats to validity
What will be an ideal response?
Internal validity is one's confidence that manipulation of the independent variable
caused a change in the dependent variable. External validity refers to one's confidence
that the study results will generalize to the broader population. Selection bias, history,
statistical regression, testing, selective dropout, maturation, instrumentation, and
subject reactivity could all be considered validity threats.
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Describe the difference in visual acuity between a newborn and a two-year-old
What will be an ideal response?
A psychologist who wants to use the most objective measure and avoid the halo effect in assessing personality should use
a. structured interviews. b. unstructured interviews. c. personality questionnaires. d. direct observation.